Cold storage is actually a kind of low temperature freezing equipment, also known as constant temperature storage air-conditioning equipment. It uses artificial means to create an environment different from the outdoor temperature or humidity, and can be controlled and kept stable low temperature artificially to meet the requirements of different industries in different environments Demand. The cold storage uses color steel plate as the panel and rigid polyurethane insulation board as the insulation material. The storage body has the characteristics of good rigidity, high strength, good heat insulation performance, and flame retardant. According to the purpose of cold storage, there are mainly fruit fresh-keeping storage, vegetable cold storage, seafood freezing storage, meat freezing storage, food cold storage, medical vaccine freezing storage, plasma blood storage cold storage and raw material storage.
The cold storage and the refrigerators we usually use have the same refrigeration principle. Most of them are refrigerated by a refrigerator, using a liquid with a very low vaporization temperature (ammonia or Freon) as a coolant to evaporate under low pressure and mechanically controlled conditions. Absorb the heat in the storage warehouse to achieve the purpose of cooling down. The advantage of the air cooling method is that the cooling is rapid, the temperature in the warehouse is relatively uniform, and the harmful gases such as carbon dioxide generated during the storage process can be taken out of the warehouse, but the refrigeration area of the cold storage is larger.
What is cold chain logistics?
Cold chain logistics refers to a systematic project in which items are kept in the best low-temperature environment specified by the product during the production, warehousing, or transportation and sales process, until all links are before consumption, in order to ensure food quality and reduce food loss. The target products of cold chain logistics include general products: agricultural products, poultry meat, aquatic products, flowers, processed foods, frozen or quick-frozen foods, ice cream, and egg dairy products, fast food raw materials, alcoholic beverages, etc.; special products include: medicines (vaccines, blood), chemicals, etc.
The highest demand for fruits and vegetables.
Food cold chain accounts for about 90%: The downstream demand of cold chain logistics is mainly food, and food is divided into sub-products such as agricultural products, poultry meat, and dairy products. According to the data of “Refrigeration Technology”, food cold chain accounts for cold chain logistics. The proportion is close to 90%, which is the most important application of cold chain logistics. The medical cold chain has a high threshold: vaccine products, injections, tinctures, oral drugs, topical drugs, blood products, and other drugs that need to be stored and transported under low-temperature conditions are all within the scope of medical cold chain logistics. The pharmaceutical cold chain industry has strict supervision, high thresholds, large initial investment, and a certain customer base to support the acquisition of new businesses. Therefore, there is a big difference between the pharmaceutical cold chain and the food cold chain.
Food Cold Chain Coverage and Efficiency are still lagging
Insufficient coverage: However, since the shelf life of fresh food is generally relatively short, the efficiency of storage and circulation is very critical. In terms of cold chain circulation rate, the cold chain circulation rate of fruits, vegetables, meat, and aquatic products in the United States is above 97%; the cold chain transportation rate of fruits, vegetables, aquatic products, and other products in Japan is also as high as 95%, 90%, and meat and poultry cold chain The circulation rate has reached 100%; while the cold chain circulation rates of fruits, vegetables, meat, and aquatic products in my country are 35%, 57%, and 69% respectively.
Low efficiency: The entire cold chain makes the corrosion rate of American vegetables in the processing and transportation links only 1%-2%, and the product corrosion rate during transportation in Japan is below 5%; The spoilage rate of fruits, vegetables, meat, and aquatic products in the circulation links has been reduced to about 20%, 8%, and 10% respectively. Therefore, there is still a big gap between my country and developed countries in terms of cold chain circulation rate and perishable food circulation link corruption rate.
